Brand new Tainos was basically pre-Columbian populace of the Bahamas, Deeper Antilles, as well as the northern Less Antilles. It’s thought that the fresh seafaring Tainos were family of one’s Arawakan people of South usa. The vocabulary try a member of the fresh new Maipurean linguistic loved ones, which ranges from South america along side Caribbean.
At the time of Columbus’s coming during the 1492, there have been five Taino kingdoms and you will areas with the Hispaniola (modern Dominican Republic and Haiti), for every contributed of the a main Cacique (chieftain), so you’re able to which tribute are reduced. As genetic lead master of Taino tribes, the fresh new cacique is actually paid tall tribute. Caciques appreciated the fresh privilege away from putting on fantastic necklaces called guanin, located in square bohios instead of the round of these new villagers populated, and you may seated to your wood stools whenever receiving travelers. During the latest Foreign-language conquest, the greatest Taino inhabitants facilities might have contained up to 3,000 someone or higher. The Tainos was basically historic natives and you may enemies of the strong Carib people, a separate group having root inside the South usa whom lived principally into the the fresh Lesser Antilles.
In your community, new Tainos regarded on their own called the place
Getting a lot of the 15th century, the Taino tribe had been inspired to the Northeast about Caribbean (out-of what is actually now South america) because of raids by strong Caribs (Of a lot Carib female spoke Taino from the large number of women Taino captives one of them).
Words The definition of « Taino » comes directly from Columbus
By the eighteenth century, Taino society was actually devastated of the lead ailment particularly smallpox, and also other trouble such as intermarriages and you will pressed absorption toward the fresh new plantation economy one Spain implemented in its Caribbean territories, along with its subsequent importation iraki brudar damer online regarding African slave gurus. The initial registered smallpox break out into the Hispaniola occurred in 1507. It’s debated that there is generous mestizaje and multiple Indian pueblos you to definitely live for the nineteenth century in the Cuba. This new Spaniards which first found its way to the Bahamas, Cuba and you will Hispaniola in 1492, and later inside the Puerto Rico, didn’t promote female. It grabbed Taino women for their wives, which resulted in mestizo youngsters.
Brand new indigenous someone the guy encountered within his very first voyage entitled themselves « Taino », definition « good » or « noble », to tell apart on their own off Island-Caribs. That it term put on all the Island Tainos in addition to those in the newest Cheaper Antilles. Such as for example, those in Puerto Rico called themselves Boricua (and therefore people from the newest island of valiant noble lords) the isle is actually entitled Borike’n (High belongings of your own valiant good lord) and those consuming brand new Bahamas titled themselves Lucayo (short isles).
Particular ethnohistorians, such as for example Daniel Garrison Brinton, known as exact same community men and women « Area Arawak » throughout the Arawakan word to have cassava flour, a staple of battle. From this, the text plus the citizens were ultimately entitled « Arawak ». However, progressive students consider this to be a mistake. The individuals which entitled on their own Arawak resided only throughout the Guianas and Trinidad and their vocabulary and you can culture change from those of the newest Taino.
Experiencing date, more publishers, vacationer, historians, linguists, anthropologists, an such like., features interchangeably put this type of words. Taino has been used so you can indicate the greater amount of Antillean tribes merely, those individuals and also the Bahamas people, those people together with Leeward Islands people or these excluding the latest Puerto Rican people and you will Leeward people. Isle Taino has been utilized to mention to the people living in new Windward Countries only, those in the fresh north Caribbean only otherwise those individuals residing people of your countries. Progressive historians, linguists and anthropologists today keep that the name Taino is always to send to all Taino/Arawak people apart from the brand new Caribs. The newest Caribs commonly viewed by the anthropologists neither historians to be an identical some one regardless if linguists will still be debating perhaps the Carib words was a keen Arawakan dialect or creole language – or at least a definite words, with a keen Arawakan pidgin often found in interaction.